Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy

Dr Calvin Ong

MBBS M.MED (SURGERY) MRCS FRCS

What is a Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy?

A laparoscopic cholecystectomy is a minimally invasive surgical procedure that removes the gallbladder. The gallbladder is a small organ located beneath the liver that stores bile, a digestive fluid produced by the liver. This procedure is commonly performed to treat gallbladder issues such as gallstones, inflammation, or infection. Removing the gallbladder can alleviate pain and prevent recurrent issues associated with these conditions.

Indications for Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is recommended for treating several gallbladder-related conditions. Common indications include:

Gallstones

Gallstones can lead to pain, inflammation, or infection in the gallbladder. Removing the gallbladder eliminates the source of the stones, providing relief from symptoms and preventing future complications.

Cholecystitis

This condition involves inflammation of the gallbladder, usually caused by gallstones. It often results in severe pain and infection. Surgery to remove the inflamed gallbladder prevents recurrence.

Biliary Colic

This condition occurs when the gallbladder is not able to empty its contents due to blockage from a gallstone resulting in abdominal pain. Removing the gallbladder solves this problem.

Gallbladder Polyps

These are growths within the gallbladder that have the potential to become cancerous. Removal of the gallbladder eliminates the risk associated with these polyps.

Benefits of Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy offers several advantages compared to traditional open surgery.

Reduced Postoperative Pain

The smaller incisions used in laparoscopic surgery typically result in less pain than the larger incisions required for open surgery, leading to a more comfortable recovery.

Quicker Recovery Time

Patients often experience faster healing and a shorter hospital stay, allowing them to resume normal activities more quickly.

Lower Risk of Infection

Smaller incisions decrease the exposure of internal organs to external contaminants, potentially lowering the risk of postoperative infections.

Preparation for Surgery

Proper preparation is necessary before undergoing a laparoscopic cholecystectomy to ensure a safe and smooth procedure.

Medical Evaluation and Testing

Patients will undergo a thorough medical evaluation, including blood tests and imaging studies, to assess their overall health and plan for surgery. This helps to identify any potential risks or complications that must be addressed.

Fasting

Patients are usually required to fast, typically from the night before the surgery, to ensure the stomach is empty during the procedure. This reduces the risk of aspiration during anaesthesia.

Medication Adjustments

Patients may need to adjust their medications before surgery, especially blood thinners or other medications that affect blood clotting. This helps reduce the risk of excessive bleeding during and after the procedure.

Post-Surgical Care and Recovery

Careful post-operative care and a well-managed recovery process are key to ensuring proper healing and minimising complications.

Immediate Care

After surgery, patients are transferred to a recovery area where vital signs are closely monitored. Pain is managed with medication, and the patient is observed for complications like bleeding or reactions to anaesthesia. Once stable, the patient can gradually resume drinking and light eating.

Recovery Timeline

Most patients are discharged on the same day or within 24 hours. Recovery typically takes 2 to 4 weeks, with the first week focused on rest and avoiding strenuous activities. Light walking is encouraged to promote circulation. Gradual resumption of daily activities is recommended in weeks 2 to 4, while heavy lifting should be avoided until 4 to 6 weeks post-surgery. Most patients can return to normal routines after a final check-up with their surgeon.

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Potential Risks and Complications

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is generally safe, but risks include infection, bleeding, bile duct injury, and blood clots. Infections may cause redness, swelling, or fever and can be treated with antibiotics. Minor bleeding is common, but severe cases might require further treatment. Rare bile duct injuries may lead to bile leakage, needing corrective procedures. Blood clots, particularly in the legs, can be prevented with blood thinners and compression devices during recovery.

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Dr Calvin Ong Jianming

MBBS (S’pore)|

M.Med (Surgery)|

MRCS (Ireland)|

FRCS (Edin)|

王健名医生

Dr. Calvin Ong is a Senior Consultant with more than 15 years of surgical experience. He specializes in colorectal and general surgery, performing minimally invasive as well as advanced robotic surgeries for benign and malignant colorectal conditions, including inflammatory bowel disease, pelvic floor disorders, colorectal cancer, and hernia repair. He is dedicated to providing high-quality, personalised care for his patients.

Dr. Ong graduated with a Bachelor’s degree in medicine and surgery from the National University of Singapore in 2008 and completed his Masters of Medicine (Surgery) at the same institute. He finished his advanced specialist training in 2016 and became a fellow of the Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh.

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    Frequently Asked Questions

    Will gallbladder removal affect my digestion?

    Most people can digest food normally without the gallbladder. Bile will flow directly from the liver to the small intestine, but some patients may experience temporary changes in digestion, such as loose stools or bloating, which typically improve over time.

    Are there dietary restrictions after a laparoscopic cholecystectomy?

    Initially, a low-fat diet is recommended to ease digestion, but most patients can gradually return to a regular diet. It is advisable to avoid fatty, greasy, or spicy foods initially, as they can cause digestive discomfort.

    How should I care for the incision sites after surgery?

    Keep the incision sites clean and dry. Avoid soaking in baths or swimming until the incisions are fully healed, monitor for signs of infection and follow instructions on wound care.

    Are there any long-term effects from having my gallbladder removed?

    Most people do not experience long-term effects from gallbladder removal. However, some individuals may have changes in bowel habits or experience mild digestive issues, which usually resolve over time.

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